模(mo)具(ju)在(zai)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)、汽車、機電(dian)(dian)(dian)、航(hang)空航(hang)天等(deng)工(gong)(gong)業領域日益(yi)成(cheng)為(wei)工(gong)(gong)業化批量生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)主要(yao)(yao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)設(she)備，承擔(dan)了(le)這(zhe)些工(gong)(gong)業中(zhong)60%-90%的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)零部件(jian)的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)。近年來高(gao)速(su)銑(xian)(xian)削突破了(le)傳統銑(xian)(xian)削難以加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)高(gao)硬、高(gao)強、高(gao)韌模(mo)具(ju)材料(liao)(liao)的(de)限制。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)火花(hua)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)有(you)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)精度和表面質量高(gao)，可加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)范(fan)圍寬，特別是(shi)在(zai)復雜(za)、精密(mi)、薄壁、窄縫(feng)、高(gao)硬材料(liao)(liao)的(de)模(mo)具(ju)型(xing)腔加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)的(de)優勢是(shi)高(gao)速(su)銑(xian)(xian)削所不(bu)能比擬的(de)，因(yin)此(ci)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)將仍然是(shi)模(mo)具(ju)型(xing)腔加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)主要(yao)(yao)手(shou)段。由于石墨(mo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(與銅相(xiang)(xiang)比)有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)消(xiao)耗少、放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)速(su)度快(kuai)、機械加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)性(xing)能好、重量輕(qing)、熱膨(peng)脹系(xi)數小(xiao)等(deng)優越(yue)性(xing)，逐漸(jian)(jian)代替(ti)銅電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)主流。石墨(mo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)與銅相(xiang)(xiang)比，有(you)著消(xiao)耗少、放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)度快(kuai)、重量輕(qing)以及熱膨(peng)脹系(xi)數小(xiao)等(deng)優越(yue)性(xing)，因(yin)此(ci)逐漸(jian)(jian)代替(ti)銅電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)為(wei)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)主流。相(xiang)(xiang)比之下，石墨(mo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)材料(liao)(liao)具(ju)有(you)以下優勢：

　　1.速度(du)快(kuai)：石墨放電比(bi)(bi)銅快(kuai)2-3倍，材(cai)(cai)料(liao)不易變形(xing)，在(zai)薄筋電極的(de)加工上優勢明顯(xian)，銅的(de)軟化點在(zai)1000度(du)左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)(you)，容易因(yin)受熱而產生變形(xing)，石墨的(de)升華溫度(du)為3650度(du)左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)(you)，相(xiang)比(bi)(bi)而言(yan)，石墨材(cai)(cai)料(liao)熱膨脹系(xi)數只有銅材(cai)(cai)的(de)1/30；

　　2.重量(liang)輕(qing)：石墨的密度(du)只有(you)銅的1/5，大型電極進行放(fang)電加工(gong)時，能有(you)效降低機床(chuang)(EDM)的負擔，更適用于大型模具的應用；

　　3.損耗小：由于火花(hua)(hua)油中含有C原子，在放電(dian)加工(gong)時，高溫(wen)導致(zhi)火花(hua)(hua)油中的C原子被分解出來，而在石墨(mo)電(dian)極的表面形成保護膜(mo)，補償了石墨(mo)電(dian)極的損耗；

　　4.無毛刺：銅(tong)電(dian)極在加工結束后(hou)，還需手工進行去除毛刺，而石墨加工后(hou)沒(mei)有毛刺，這不(bu)但節約了大量的成本和(he)人力，同時(shi)更容易實現自動(dong)化生產；

　　5.易拋光：由于石墨的(de)(de)切(qie)削阻力(li)只有銅材的(de)(de)1/5，操作上更容易進行手工(gong)研磨和拋光；

　　6.成本低：由于近(jin)幾年銅(tong)材價(jia)(jia)格不斷上(shang)漲，如(ru)今，各方面同(tong)性石(shi)墨的價(jia)(jia)格比銅(tong)的更低；相(xiang)同(tong)體積下石(shi)墨產品的價(jia)(jia)格比銅(tong)低百分之三十到(dao)六十，價(jia)(jia)格比較穩定，短期價(jia)(jia)格波動相(xiang)對來講比較小(xiao)。