浪涌保護器，也叫防雷器，是一種為各種電子設備、儀器儀表、通訊線路提供防護的電子裝置。當電氣回路或者通信線路中因為外界的干擾突然產生尖峰電流或者電壓時，浪涌保護器能在極短的時間內導通分流，從而避免浪涌對回路中其他設備的損害。基本與特點:保護通流量大，殘壓極低，響應時快；采用滅弧技術，避免火災；采用溫控保護電路，內置熱保護；帶有電源狀態指示，指示浪涌保護器工作狀態；結構嚴謹。
間(jian)隙避雷器的工作原理：基于電(dian)弧(hu)放電(dian)技(ji)術(shu)，當電(dian)極間(jian)的電(dian)壓達到(dao)(dao)程度時(shi)，擊穿空氣電(dian)弧(hu)在電(dian)極上進(jin)行爬電(dian)。優(you)點：放電(dian)能力強，通流量大（可(ke)以達到(dao)(dao)100KA）漏(lou)電(dian)流小，熱穩定性(xing)好。缺點：殘(can)壓高，反(fan)映時(shi)間(jian)慢，存(cun)在續(xu)流。

石墨間隙避雷器，這種避雷器主要利用的是多層間隙連續放電，每層放電間隙相互絕緣，這種疊層技術不僅解決了續流問題而且是逐層放電，無形中增大了產品自身的通流能力。優點：放電電流大，測試50KA（實際測量值）漏電小，無續流，無電弧外瀉，熱穩定性好。缺點：殘壓高，反應時間慢。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)涌保護(hu)(hu)器(qi)（Surge?protection?Device）是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)設(she)備雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)防護(hu)(hu)中不(bu)可缺少(shao)的一種裝置，過(guo)去(qu)常稱為(wei)“避雷器(qi)”或“過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)保護(hu)(hu)器(qi)”英(ying)文簡寫為(wei)SPD.電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)涌保護(hu)(hu)器(qi)的作用(yong)(yong)是把(ba)竄入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力線(xian)、信號(hao)傳輸(shu)線(xian)的瞬(shun)時過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)限制在設(she)備或系統所能承受(shou)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)范(fan)圍內，或將強大的雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流泄流入(ru)地(di)，保護(hu)(hu)被保護(hu)(hu)的設(she)備或系統不(bu)受(shou)沖擊而損壞(huai)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)涌保護(hu)(hu)器(qi)的類型和結構按(an)不(bu)同(tong)的用(yong)(yong)途有所不(bu)同(tong)，但它至少(shao)應包(bao)含一個非(fei)線(xian)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)限制元(yuan)件。用(yong)(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)涌保護(hu)(hu)器(qi)的基(ji)本元(yuan)器(qi)件有：放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)間(jian)隙、充氣(qi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)管、壓(ya)(ya)敏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻、抑(yi)制二(er)極管和扼流線(xian)圈等。

石墨間隙防雷器是采用石墨片作為放電間隙的防雷器，具有泄放電流大（可達100KA）的優點。
防雷石墨片六大特點：
1、石墨材料導電性能、放電性能和通流量性能好；
2、熱穩定性好，殘壓極低，響應時間快；
3、石墨材料抗擊力度大，從根本上提升了防雷器性能；
4、熱穩定性好，充分保護電路；
5、帶有電源狀態指示，指示浪涌保護器工作狀態；
6、結構(gou)嚴謹(jin)，工(gong)作穩定可(ke)靠。